Application of fermented aquatic weeds in formulated diet of climbing perch (Anabas testudineus)
Abstract
Feed is the element that really support the activities of aquaculture, there for the feed that is available must be adequate and meet the needs of the fish. The purpose of this research was to evaluate effect aquatic weed flour addition that have been fermented in artificial feed to growth performance and feed efficiency of climbing perch. The experimental method with Completely Randomized Design were used in this study. Nine treatments with three replication were tested, namely, Feed A (A. niger-Savinia molesta), Feed B (A. niger-Pistia stratiotes), Feed C (A. niger-Lemna minor), Feed D (R. oryzaeSalvinia molesta), Feed E (R.oryzae-Pistia stratiotes), Feed F (R.oryzae-Lemna minor), Feed G (S.cerrevisiae-Salvinia molesta), Feed H (S.cerrevisiae-Pistia stratiotes), and Feed I (S.cerrevisiae-Lemna minor). The experimental fish was reared in bucket plastic (vol 20 L) at stocking density of 10 fish in each bucket. The fish fed at ration of 5% body weight per day. The results showed that the highest absolute growth and specific growth rate were found at treatment Feed F (17.38 g and 221.97%, respectively). The higher feed convertion ratio (FCR) and feed efficiency were found at treatment Feed I. Based on the absolute growth, specific growth, feed convertion ratio, and feed efficiency, climbing perch fry required R. OryzaeLemna minor in feed formulation. It was concluded that R oryzae-Lemna minor as feed for climbing perch.
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Introduction
Climbing perch, Anabas testudineus or locally known as is betok, is a freshwater fish species that possess a labyrinth organ, which allows th fish to breathe at mospheric oxygen (Hughes & Singh 1970a; 1970b). This species is commonly found in swamps, marsh lands, lakes, canals, ponds, rice field, pools, small pits, and estuaries (Rahman & Marimuthu 2010; Akbar et al, 2011). This fish is widely distributed include India, the Indochina Peninsula, Southern China, Taiwan, the Philippines and Indonesia (Morioka et al, 2009).
Climbing perch is one of freshwater fish that have the potential to be cultured (Muchlisin 2013) and it has a reasonable price in local and international markets. This species has been initially cultured by local people in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. The cultured fish fed commercial diet causes high production costs due to high feed price in the local market (Akbar et al, 2011), this is because most of the materials of the feed is fishmeal that costly. Therefore, many efforts are continuously being made to find other alternative protein sources which are cheap, available and good nutritional value as substitutes for fish meal. The alternative raw materials that can be evaluated were aquatic weeds.
Conclusion
The research shows that the utilizing of the fermented feed on the climbing perch had the positive effect. Base on results of this experiment, it concluded that using fermented feed (R. oryzae-Lemna minor) and fermented feed (S. cerevisiae-Lemna minor), which can be recommended for the culture of climbing perch.