Bio-Oil Production from Pyrolysis of Coffee and Eucalyptus Sawdust in the Presence of 5% Hydrogen

The Bio-oil resulting from the pyrolysis process consists of a mixture of more than 300 organic compounds .In terms of environmental issue biodiesel is more adoptable compare to fossil fuel as it forms low carbon and smoke which are responsible for global warming.Among several biomass energy conversion methods, microwave assisted pyrolysis offers low temperature and energy efficient route to convert solid waste biomass resources to energy products. In United States soybean is used for the production of biodiesel. “Bio-fuels done right” must be derived from feed stocks with low greenhouse gas emissions and little or no competition with food production [1-5 ].On the other hand biodiesel has higher molecular weight, density, viscosity and pour point than conventional diesel fuel [6,7]. Higher molecular weight and viscosity of biodiesel causes low volatility and poor fuel atomization, injector coking, piston ring sticking and leading incomplete combustion [8]. as well as it has cold flow property which is a barrier to use it in cold or chill weather [9]. Anyhow the best benefit of Biooils is that they are preparing from renewable sources like corpse, plants, trees and residues etc. Approximately 100 years ago, Rudolf Diesel tested Bio oil as the fuel for his engine that was available with him [10, 11]. According to scientists and researchers there are 350 oil containing crops and plants identified, among them only soybean, rapeseed, coffee, sunflower, cottonseed, peanut, and coconut oils are considered that they have the potential and quality of alternative fuels for Diesel engines [12, 13]. Bio oils have the capacity to substitute for a part or fraction of the petroleum Products, distillates and petroleum based petrochemicals in the future. Due to being more expensive than petroleum Bio-fuels are nowadays not petroleum competitive fuels However, due to the misuse, high expenditure and increases in petroleum prices and the uncertainties concerning petroleum availability, there is renewed interest in using Bio-oils in Diesel engines [14]. The emergence of transesterification can be dated back as early as 1846 when Rochieder described glycerol preparation through methanolysis of castor oil and since that time, alcoholysis has been studied in many parts of the world. Scientists, researchers have also investigated the important reaction conditions and parameters on the alcoholysis of triglycerides, such as tallow, fish oils, sunflower, soybean, rapeseed, linseed oils, cottonseed, sunflower, safflower, and peanut [15,16]. Soybean oil was transesterified into ethyl and methylesters, and comparisons of the performances of the fuels with diesel were made.[17,18].Also, methylesters have been prepared from palm oil by transesterification using methanol in the presence of a catalyst (NaOH) or (KOH) in a batch reactor.