Comparison of aliphatic hydrocarbon resistant plasticized PVC hoses
Abstract
This paper presents an experimental investigation of two types of aliphatic hydrocarbons resistant soft PVC hoses. A number of tests were performed to determine the internal structures and the difference between the hoses. First tests concerned with pentane resistance, the plasticizer and extender's effects on variations in the structure. The solubility of gas in plasticizer and the changing of morphology determined the applicability. The second analysis of FTIR results can show the internal structure’s composition, what the difference is between the two formulations. The weight changes of the hoses can shows the material’s gas resistance. The gas diffusion's driving force was the gas evaporation. The gas diffusion can be determined from the decrease of the quantity of the hydrocarbons. The internal structure was also observed by DMA. The measurement was made after a pentane soak of simple samples. The morphology, the material's density, mechanical properties and aliphatic hydrocarbon resistance of samples were determined. After all the measurements, the difference between the products was noticeable during even visual inspection of the samples as well.
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Introduction
The use of aliphatic resistant PVC hoses is spreading all across the world, with improved gas safety requirements for industry and public facilities, such as in home hoses. Numerous reasons for this growth include environmental protection, excellent mechanical properties, superior aliphatic hydrocarbon resistance abilities and comfort features of PVC hoses. It is important for the hose to remain stable with changing temperature, because portable gas equipments are used them during summer excursions, and also at high mountain climbing as well. The advantage of using PVC hose is the gas resistance.
The PVC (polyviny-chloride) is one of the most widely used polymers in the field of hose systems. However, the PVC resin is only suitable for processing with additives. The additives modify the PVC's morphology and structure, which can be measured by FTIR and DMA methods.
Conclusion
Overall, the experiments carried out provided useful information on the composition of the two types of hoses. Comparing the tubes mechanical properties the results shows differences. The additives which were used in Hose1 are more resistant to aliphatic hydrocarbons than the Hose2 ingredients. The most important feature of these types of hoses should be their resistance to aliphatic hydrocarbons.
Both types of hoses are suitable for both industrial and domestic use, but Hose1 was far safer concerning gas release. The slightly better (lower) gas permeability of Hose2 is caused by lower plasticizer content. It caused the inconvenient hardness of the product. It must also be mentioned, that Hose2 does not contain real hydrocarbon resistant plasticizer, and this additive is extractable from the product.
It was proved during the analysis, that even small changes in the composition, can cause high impact on the mechanical properties of the product.