Comparison of different Poly vinyl chloride (PVC) /Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) blends and their properties
Abstract
The effects of micro and nanoscale calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particles on the mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were investigated. Type of (PVC S5070) were used as the matrix in this study, hydrocarb 95T CaCO3 as a micro size particles, and SOCAL 312 CaCO3 as a nano size particles with different phr (0 wt%, 10 wt% and 20 wt%). The nano-CaCO3 particles were observed by FT-IR spectras. Nano- CaCO3 increased the tensile strength and affected the tensile strength of PVC more than micro-CaCO3 particles. The raise in hardness shore (A) is more considerable in nanoCaCO3 filled PVC compared to that of micro-CaCO3. TSDC test investigated that nano-CaCO3 in PVC samples have greater electrical resistance, and the maximum volume resistivity in micro-CaCO3 in PVC samples which mixed by ultrasonic. Thermal characterization of PVC samples were tested by DMA. Storage modulus and loss factor (tan δ) examined and showed that the storage modulus of PVC decreased as a function of temperature. The storage modulus can be increased concurrently by the presence of CaCO3. The glass transition of nano-CaCO3 sample mixed by ultrasonic has higher glass transition than other samples which mixed by normal mixing.
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Introduction
Poly (vinyl chloride) as well known as PVC is one of the most using polymers around the world because of being in low cost [1-4], durability [5-7], flexibility [8-10]. However, they need to enhance their mechanical properties [11-13] such as toughness, morphological, thermal, and processing properties to work properly in widely and different range fields [14-17]. The mechanical properties of blends change as per various fillers [18]. Much improvement of the poorer properties of PVC has been carried out by the combination of additives such as plasticizers [19-20], antioxidant [21], and flame-retardant fillers [22-24] higher thermal stability [25] copolymerization, fillers and heat stabilizers with other monomers. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles are one of the viable nanofillers that enhance the thermo-mechanical properties of the polymer matrix composites [26-28].
PVC is the most common used to produce pipes, windows, entryways, and others in the development business [29-34]. The utilization of nanoparticles of calcium carbonate, not just improves the relentlessness, but also enhances electrical properties, heat opposition, radiation obstruction and different properties [35-39], yet in addition lessens the expense of the mixes [40-43], also in medical uses PVC have roles [44-48]. The mechanical properties of CaCO3 microstructural additive on PVC are totally dependent on the interaction between the fillers [49-51], the polymeric matrix and the filling ratio, and the surface attributes [52-56].