Comparison of Two Technologies in Hot Water Preparation in Terms of Source Location
Abstract
The present article describes two different types of technology used in hot water preparation, their advantages and disadvantages, spatial requirements and measuring technology. The facts described herein may be used when deciding on which technology should be used for which type of hot water supply and central heating.
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Introduction
Efforts of heat and hot water (HW) producers and distributors are focused on providing those media for customers in the highest possible quality and with minimum energy losses during the transportation. That is why producers modernise their technological equipment for the preparation of such media. The scope of reconstruction, however, largely depends on factors specific for individual areas of the Centralised Heat Supply System (CHSS). Equipment modernisation is aimed at optimising the take-off point connection, with regard to new conditions applicable to the offtake of the above mentioned media, with the aim to full satisfy the customer requirements. Technologies used for hot water heating include the so-called storage heating and rapid heating. Other technologies represent only the combinations of the two.
Conclusion
Time irregularity of the heat demand results in heat losses incurred to a supplier, representing as much as 30%. Such losses may be reduced by reducing the flow quantity of water in the nested circuit; this, however, is difficult because heating in such HES is also pressure-dependent.
The comparison of the two above described methods of hot water preparation (in terms of hot water supply quality, i.e. the temperature) indicates that the quality is high in both methods. The supply comfort is higher in pressure-dependent stations, mainly in terraced houses where various supply modes may be applied, depending on customer needs.
As for the comparison of the two technologies in terms of cost-efficiency, the second method (rapid heating with a nested small primary unit) with pressure-dependent stations is much more expensive and the losses caused by consumption irregularity are higher. It follows from the facts above that the heating method without a nested small primary unit is more advantageous.