Evaluation ergonomic in agricultural Tractors
Abstract
Agricultural mechanization is of extreme importance to high current agricultural demand. The increased production needs associated with the decrease in available area growth imply in the improvement and mechanization of techniques, being necessary to analyze all variables of the mechanization. As an example, exposure of workers to noise produced by agricultural tractors, which can be harmful to your health, to be occur a productive growth without affecting the minimum conditions imposed by Brazilian law. Excessive noise is a factor that affects the operators. This study aims at evaluating the levels and vibration and noise emitted by agricultural tractors with different powers, comparing the results with existing regulations in Brazil. The tractors studied were: Tractor A (engine power of 86 cv at 2200 rpm, manufactured in the year 2005, 4050,5 hours worked), Tractor B (engine power of 120 cv at 2200 rpm, manufactured in the year 2005, 3800,0 hours worked), Tractor C (engine power of 173 cv at 2200 rpm, manufactured in the year 1997, 7472, 9 hours worked), and Tractor D (engine power of 110 cv at 2200 rpm manufactured in the year 2011, 907 hours worked), crowded in Campus Hall Administrative USP Pirassununga
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Introduction
The use of tractors in agriculture took place shortly after the Second World War and the beginning of 1950 were offered to the market wide variety of brands and models, but featuring configuration and rough appearance compared to what is observed today. In Brazil, 1960, was observed the beginning of concerning with ergonomic aspects, with emphasis on occupational safety and operator comfort, at which time the tractor industry in Brazil was installed.
Recently, the projects of agricultural tractors centered on maximizing efficiency in detriment to the human factor. However, due to the increased rigor of safety standards at work, there has been a tendency to seek improvements in terms of ergonomics and operator safety, to improve working conditions (ALVES et al . 2011).
Agricultural tractors have evolved in recent years, highlighting the best distribution and organization of items related to ergonomics in the design of operating stations have contributed substantially to improve the comfort and safety of the operator, but there are few studies developed for the parameter assessment and occupational health implications (ANTONUCCI et al 2012; . CUNHA et al 2012. ). The main ergonomic concern is the human element, in order to satisfy the employee, it was understood that the increased production and improved quality of products are the result of an adequate interaction between man and the production system (FILIP & CANDALE 2012).
Regarding the security items, security devices and systems under the regulatory norm, they must integrate the machines since its manufacturing and cannot be considered optional items for any purpose. However, it is known that there is no machine inspection obligation in Brazil on the occasion of their marketing, complicating the items standardization.
Conclusion
The structures of the seat were able to absorb the impact and creating a good working condition for the machine operator.