Mathematical Modeling of Phase Transformations and Residual Stress in A Thermomechanical Heat Treatment in AISI 1045 Steel By FEM
Abstract
Materials with high mechanical characteristics are ideal for many applications primarily in the automotive industry like the TRIP (Transformation Induced Plasticity) steel, but its high cost to determine their properties limit their study, for this reason the mathematical and computational modeling have emerged as a possibility of analysis and study of the properties of the material. One of these techniques is the micromodeling mathematical analysis using a representative elementary volume (RVE), used for the determination of residual stresses through programmed into the APDL of ANSYS ® software. Previous research has taken commercial DP steels (Dual Phase) or steels with high percentage of alloying elements, there is no evidence of studies in medium carbon steels treated from intercritical temperatures. The finite element method (FEM) has been a tool used in predicting the behavior of steel for his accuracy in the results. In this research the mathematical modeling that was done to a thermomechanical treatment in AISI 1045 steel, through the MEF is displayed. As initial results experimental data were taken to evaluate the convergence of the results. In determining percentages of microstructures we use JMARK equations, which were implemented in the MATLAB software. The elastic and plastic properties were taken from references to be used in a plastic bilinear model analysis. The effects of the simulations show the percentages of microstuctures that were to be found after the thermomechanical treatment. The results of this study show the accuracy between the experimental and the simulated results.
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Introduction
Currently the high-strength steels are imposed as potential candidates for applications where you want to optimize the elation stress-weight and that need to be manufactured in metallic materials, one of the industries interested in this type of steel is the automotive because a reduction in weight means fuel savings. [1]
Steels have different capacities of tensile strength and strain as can be shown in Figure 1, there are high formability as are the interstitial steels ( IF) with red color at left side , these have low tensile , so conversely are martensitic steels ( MART ) with light blue color at right side which have a low percentage of deformation but high tensile strength , from this requirement a new generation of steel which has both properties in a balanced manner as it is arises steel TRIP ( Transformation Induced Plasticity ) with green color in the center.
Conclusion
Mathematical modeling is a helpful tool to determine the optimization of processes in thermomechanical treatments. And without costly procedures to determine certain characteristics of steel as are the plastic and elastic deformation and Von Misses stress, it is important to know when required to do different processes of structural design which is one of the great applications this steel .
The comparison of the experimental part with the modeled is similar , which was the aim of this project is demonstrated that sufficient boundary conditions which made results were obtained optimum as if they had included more conditions were taken , the results they had not relevantly changed , but the process had been delayed to get. Further research is recommended to perform modeling hot deformed to obtain bainite microstructure.