Protection of Solar Powered Vehicle using Sensor

Now a day’s road accident is a major problem all over the world. The recent report says [1] that annual average of 700,000 road accidents, 10 percentages occur in India which has overtaken China. The latest annual statistics revealed by the World Health organisation (WHO) in its first Global status report on road safety, 80,000 people are killed on Indian roads due to speeding, drunken driving, less usage of helmets, seat belts and child restraints in vehicles. Another latest report of National Crime Records Bureau or NCRB [2] says that 40 people under the age of 25 die in road accidents all around the world. It states that the drunken driving is a major factor for the rising of death on roads. The drunk driving fatalities in the year 2009, till the 27th November were 11,769. The numbers for 2007 and 2008 were 12,998 and 11,773 respectively. It shows that the problem of drunk driving is far from over. In the 2009 DUI national statistics released by the NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) 11,773 people died in alcohol-related crashes. Most of the accidents occur outside the cities are due to drunken driving and no testing methodology is adopted to avoid these fatalities in highways. Sleep related accidents tend to be more severe, possibly because of the higher speeds involved and because the driver is unable to take any avoiding action, or even brake, prior to the collision. Horne describes typical sleep related accidents as ones where the driver runs off the road or collides with another vehicle or an object, without any sign of hard braking before the impact.

Accidents are also caused due to the intruders coming suddenly in either side of the vehicle i.e. front, left or right. Due to which the driver misses the judgement and meets with an accident. Driver drowsiness resulting in reduced vehicle control is one of the major causes of road accidents. Driving performance deteriorates with increased drowsiness with resulting crashes constituting 20%-23% of all vehicle accidents. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) conservatively estimates that 100,000 reported crashes are caused by drowsy drivers each year in the U.S. alone [3]. These crashes result in more than 1500 fatalities, 71,000 injuries, and an estimated $12.5 billion in diminished productivity and property loss many efforts have been made recently to develop on-board detection of driver drowsiness [4]. A number of approaches have been investigated and applied to characterize driver drowsiness using physiological. A driver state of drowsiness can also be characterized by the resulting vehicle behaviour such as the later position, steering wheel movements, and time-to-line crossings whom correspondence should be addressed not intrusive, they are subject to several limitations related to the vehicle type, driver experience, and geometric characteristics and condition of the road. Among these various possibilities, the monitoring of a driver’s eye state by a camera is considered to be the most promising application due to its accuracy and Non-intrusiveness. The driver’s symptoms can be monitored to determine the driver’s drowsiness early enough to take preventive actions to avoid an accident. The ever increasing numbers of traffic accidents all over the world are due to diminished driver’s vigilance level. For this reason, developing systems that actively monitors the driver’s level of vigilance and alerting the driver of any insecure driving condition is essential for accident prevention.