Volume-11, Issue-3, March 2025

Abstract

With the increasingly severe problem of social aging, commercial pension insurance, as an important supplement to personal pension security, has become the focus of public attention. The rise of digital financial inclusion provides new opportunities for individuals to participate in commercial pension insurance, and financial literacy and financial development play a crucial role in this process. This paper explores the relationship between digital financial inclusion and the participation rate of individual commercial pension insurance. The results show that digital inclusive finance significantly improves the probability of residents participating in commercial pension insurance by providing convenient and low-cost financial services. At the same time, financial literacy and financial development play an important intermediary role in this process, helping residents better understand financial products, thereby increasing their willingness to participate in commercial pension insurance. In addition, personal characteristics, family status and regional economic factors also have a significant impact on the participation rate of commercial endowment insurance, healthy individuals, individuals participating in basic endowment insurance, women, individuals with more real estate and vehicles are more inclined to buy commercial endowment insurance, families with more children are less demanding for commercial endowment insurance, and the increase in government public budget expenditure also prompts residents to be more inclined to buy commercial endowment insurance. Further analysis shows that digital inclusive finance has a more significant promoting effect among non-party members, residents who often use the Internet, agricultural residents, urban residents, and residents in the eastern region. Overall, the rapid development of digital inclusive finance has provided a strong impetus for the participation of individual commercial pension insurance, and financial literacy and financial development have played a bridge role in this process, promoting residents' awareness and participation in commercial pension insurance.

Keywords: Commercial Endowment Insurance, Digital Financial Inclusion, Financial Literacy, Financial Development

References

Keywords: Commercial Endowment Insurance, Digital Financial Inclusion, Financial Literacy, Financial Development

Abstract

In recent years, with the continuous progress of society and the continuous change of people's way of thinking, the inclusiveness of society towards women, especially married women, is increasing, and married women have gained more rights and choices, but the fertility rate in China is declining. As a result, the study of demographics and family structure has been gaining traction, especially on the decline in the natural growth rate of the population shown in the national census data, which is also related to the overall characteristics of women, such as whether they are employed or not. This paper uses multiple regression model, decision tree, random forest, gradient boosted regression tree model, support vector machine, XGboost and other machine learning models to train and compare the data, and draws the following conclusions: (1) The comprehensive characteristics of married women such as employment, age, and mother's education level are negatively correlated with their willingness to have children; (2) The influence of married women's husband's husbands and family characteristics on the intention to have children was positively significant. (3) Based on the results of multiple regression models, it warns us that we should consider multiple aspects when doing research or model selection, and that the selected model is good but not necessarily the most consistent with the characteristics of the data; (4) Based on the comparison of various models, it is found that the gradient boosted regression tree model, K-nearest neighbor model, XGBoost model and random forest model are better than the linear regression model.

Keywords: Comprehensive Characteristics of Married Women; Fertility Concept; Machine Learning.

References

Keywords: Comprehensive Characteristics of Married Women; Fertility Concept; Machine Learning.

Abstract

Aquaculture feeds are often compounded with antibiotics to promote growth and prevent diseases in fish. However, the use of antibiotics in aquaculture feeds has raised concerns about the presence of antibiotic residues in fish which subsequently leads to antimicrobial resistance. This study therefore investigated antibiotic residues in Nine (9) different fish feeds used in three selected fish farms located in Awka, Anambra state, Nigeria. One gram (1g) of the feed samples were used for antibiotics residues analysis. The fish feed samples were collected in three replicates each, making it twenty-seven treatment samples. The targeted antibiotics were the commonly used antibiotics which include Tetracycline, Ciprofloxacin, Amoxicillin and Azithromicin. The feed samples were analyzed for antibiotics residues concentration using Uv-Visible Spectrophotometry. The results showed that the mean antibiotic residue concentration from the three farms were higher in the following order; Tetracycline > Ciprofloxacin > Amoxicillin > Azithromicin, with mean concentrations of 85.40±1.78 ug/g, 0.031±0.002 ug/g, 0.019±0.002 ug/g and 0.010±0.001 ug/g respectively. The mean concentration of Tetracycline was higher than the European Union (EU) maximum residue limit of 0.1 ug/g but Ciprofloxacin, Amoxicillin and Azithromicin were all below the EU maximum residue limits of 0.05 ug/g in feed. This study concluded that the analyzed feed samples contained low dose of antibiotics which may contribute to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. It is therefore recommended that antibiotics should not be used in fish feed formulation, so as to help the farmer to make responsible use of antibiotics when there is a genuine need.

Keywords: Antibiotics resistance, Drug residues, Aquaculture, Fish feeds, Awka-Nigeria.

References

Keywords: Antibiotics resistance, Drug residues, Aquaculture, Fish feeds, Awka-Nigeria.